A built-in answer key.
There’s a corner of this science where a laptop is genuinely enough to make a checkable contribution that stands on its own. When a mutation changes a protein, scientists measure the effect in the lab — and many of those measurements are public. That measurement is an answer key. If a model is wrong, the data says so immediately. No lab required. That built-in check is what makes a careful solo effort do real work here instead of just writing reports.